(CNN) - The terrorist threat posed by radicalized Muslim- Americans has been exaggerated, according to a study released Wednesday by researchers at Duke University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
A small number of Muslim-Americans have undergone radicalization since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on New York and Washington, the study found. It compiled a list of 139 individuals it categorized as "Muslim-American terrorism offenders" who had become radicalized in the U.S. in that time - a rate of 17 per year.
That level is "small compared to other violent crime in America, but not insignificant," according to the study, titled "Anti-Terror Lessons of Muslim-Americans."
To be included on the list, an offender had to have been wanted, arrested, convicted or killed in connection with terrorism-related activities since 9/11 - and have lived in the United States, regardless of immigration status, for more than a year prior to arrest.
Of the 139 offenders, fewer than a third successfully executed a violent plan, according to a Duke University statement on the study, and most of those were overseas. Read the full story »
Editor's Note: Below is a list of six well-known offenders excerpted from the Duke study.
Name: John Walker Lindh
Year of arrest or attack: 2001
Official charges: Providing aid to the Taliban, carrying explosives
Status of case: Pled guilty
Nature of offense: Joined and fought with the Taliban.
Location of criminal activity: Abroad
Target of plot/location of violence: Abroad
Engaged in violent act/joined fighting force: Yes
Age at time of arrest/attack: 20
Age at arrival in US: US-born
Citizenship status: Citizen
Convert to Islam: Yes
Ethnicity: Caucasian
Name: John Allen Muhammad
Year of arrest or attack: 2002
Official charges: Capital murder
Status of case: Convicted
Nature of offense: Washington-area sniper.
Location of criminal activity: US
Target of plot/location of violence: US
Engaged in violent act/joined fighting force: Yes
Age at time of arrest/attack: 41
Age at arrival in US: US-born
Citizenship status: Citizen
Convert to Islam: Yes
Ethnicity: African-American
Name: Jose Padilla
Year of arrest or attack: 2002
Official charges: Conspiracy to murder, kidnap and maim overseas; providing and conspiracy to provide material support for terrorists
Status of case: Convicted
Nature of offense: Operated as an al-Qaida support cell. Planned to send material support/commit attacks overseas. Held as enemy combatant based on suspicion of dirty bomb plot—never charged on these activities.
Location of criminal activity: US
Target of plot/location of violence: None
Engaged in violent act/joined fighting force: No
Age at time of arrest/attack: 31
Age at arrival in US: US-born
Citizenship status: Citizen
Convert to Islam: Yes
Ethnicity: Latino
Name: Hasan Akbar
Year of arrest or attack: 2003
Official charges: Premeditated murder; attempted premeditated murder
Status of case: Convicted (court martial)
Nature of offense: Killed two fellow soldiers in surprise grenade attack.
Location of criminal activity: US
Target of plot/location of violence: US
Engaged in violent act/joined fighting force: Yes
Age at time of arrest/attack: 31
Age at arrival in US: US-born
Citizenship status: Citizen
Convert to Islam: Yes
Ethnicity: African- American
Name: Nidal Hasan
Year of arrest or attack: 2009
Official charges: Murder, attempted murder
Status of case: Charged, awaiting trial
Nature of offense: Ft. Hood shootings
Location of criminal activity: US
Target of plot/location of violence: US
Engaged in violent act/joined fighting force: Yes
Age at time of arrest/attack: 39
Age at arrival in US: US-born
Citizenship status: Citizen
Convert to Islam: No
Ethnicity: Arab
Name: Abdulhakim Mujahid Muhammad
Year of arrest or attack: 2009
Official charges: Murder and 15 counts of terroristic acts
Status of case: Charged, awaiting trial
Nature of offense: Shot military recruiters in Little Rock, AR.
Location of criminal activity: US
Target of plot/location of violence: US
Engaged in violent act/joined fighting force: Yes
Age at time of arrest/attack: 23
Age at arrival in US: US-born
Citizenship status: Citizen
Convert to Islam: Yes
Ethnicity: African-American